Dr. Tahir Izhar

The large variations in the ac voltage greatly affects the working of electrical equipment and can cause severe damage to them and sometimes complete failure. To overcome this problem, voltage regulators are used that maintain the voltage within desired range. This project examines the design procedure to implement six different automatic ac voltage regulation techniques. Microcontroller based designs are implemented for the increase in efficiency and better response. The proposed techniques include online tap changing using electromagnetic relays, dc motor stabilizers, tap changing using solid state triacs, phase control method, PWM based solid state regulators and three-phase inverter. Complete design description and working is provided separately for each technique. Hardware is developed for each technique and tested in different voltage conditions. Power quality analysis of each technique is done that differentiate them, based on their employment in industrial and domestic use. Important comparison points include speed of response, sag and swell level, total harmonic distortion, types of power faults handled, ruggedness, cost and efficiency.

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